What Causes the Needle of an Old-Fashioned Record Player to Skip?

A scratch in the grooves of the relatively soft vinyl material the records are made of can cause the needle to jump to the previous groove, leading the record to cycle again and again. This can be quite frustrating, especially when we still cherish those LPs and continue to enjoy the rich, heritage-filled sound they produce, even when it matches the maddening behavior of modern CDs. The only difference is that CDs are easier to throw away because they are smaller—just like my collection of 45s.

Is It Really Old-Fashioned to Say ‘Old-Fashioned’?

It’s so 'old-fashioned' to use the term 'old-fashioned'! We certainly wore that one out when we got those new LPs around fifty or sixty years ago. And if you ever dare to use the term 'old school,' I might kick your 'silly ass' out of my house. It’s a bit cheeky, but it gets the point across that these vinyl treasures are certainly not outdated and have a timeless quality that many modern formats simply cannot match.

Understanding the Common Causes of Record Skipping

Record skipping can be caused by a variety of factors, and understanding these can help you prevent it. Here are three of the most common causes:

1. Damage to the Record

Scratches and debris in the grooves of the record can significantly affect the path of the stylus, causing it to jump and skip. These imperfections are often the result of physical damage to the record, which can happen despite our best efforts to care for them. Dust, fibers, and small particles can also contribute to this issue.

2. Incorrect Tracking Force

The tracking force, which is the pressure that the stylus exerts on the record, must be set properly to ensure smooth and continuous playback. If the tracking force is too high or too low, it can lead to skipping. Ensuring that your turntable has the correct tracking force is crucial for optimal performance.

3. Misaligned Stylus or Cartridge

A bent or misaligned stylus, cartridge, or headshell can also cause skipping. These components need to be in perfect alignment to function correctly. Any misalignment can cause the needle to skip as it tries to follow the grooves on the record.

Solving the Problem: Tips to Prevent Skipping

Modern turntables and tone arms are designed to apply very low pressure on the record grooves to minimize wear. However, any vibration can still cause the stylus to skip. Here are some tips to help prevent skipping:

1. Use a Vibration-Isolating Pad

Placing your turntable on a felt pad can effectively isolate it from vibrations in the room. This can help to reduce the risk of skipping caused by external vibrations.

2. Regular Cleaning

Regularly cleaning your records and your stylus can help remove any debris or dirt that might be causing skipping. Gently cleaning the stylus with a soft brush and cleaning the record with an anti-static brush can make a significant difference.

3. Proper Setup

Ensure that your turntable, tone arm, and cartridge are properly set up and aligned. This might require professional help or careful re-calibration to get the best sound quality and prevent skipping.

Conclusion

While records and record players may be considered old-fashioned, they offer a level of sound quality and listening experience that modern digital formats cannot match. By understanding the common causes of skipping and taking steps to prevent it, you can fully enjoy your collection and its rich sound.